RIRS Procedure: A Minimally Invasive Solution for Kidney Stones
RIRS Procedure
Kidney stones can cause severe pain and discomfort. Thanks to advancements in urology, modern procedures like RIRS (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery) offer a minimally invasive and effective way to treat kidney stones. In this blog, we’ll explore what RIRS is, how it works, its benefits, and frequently asked questions.
What is RIRS?
RIRS Procedure
RIRS (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery) is a modern, minimally invasive technique used to remove stones from the kidney. Unlike traditional surgery, RIRS is performed without any cuts or incisions. Instead, it uses a thin, flexible endoscope inserted through the urinary tract to reach the kidney. Laser energy is then used to break the stones into smaller fragments that can be removed or passed naturally.
How is RIRS performed?
The RIRS procedure involves the following steps:
Anesthesia: The patient is given spinal or general anesthesia for comfort.
Insertion of the Scope: A flexible ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra and bladder into the ureter and kidney.
Stone Visualization: The surgeon locates the stone using a camera attached to the scope.
Laser Fragmentation: A holmium laser is used to break the stone into fine particles.
Stone Removal: Fragments are either removed with a basket or allowed to pass naturally.
Stent Placement: A temporary stent (small tube) may be placed to ensure smooth urine flow and help healing.
Who is a candidate for RIRS?
RIRS Procedure
RIRS is suitable for patients with:
Kidney stones less than 2 cm in size
Stones located in hard-to-reach areas
Recurrent stone formation
Bleeding disorders (where open surgery is risky)
Failed previous treatments like ESWL (Shock Wave Lithotripsy)
Benefits of RIRS
Minimally invasive (no external cuts)
Faster recovery
High success rate
Short hospital stay
Safe for high-risk patients
Precise targeting of stones
Recovery After RIRS
Most patients are discharged within 24 hours.
Mild burning or discomfort during urination is common for a few days.
Drink plenty of water to help flush out fragments.
The stent (if placed) is usually removed after 1–2 weeks.
Resume normal activities within a few days, as advised by your doctor.
Risks and Complications
RIRS procedure is generally safe, but like any procedure, it may involve:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Mild bleeding
Stent-related discomfort
Rare risk of ureteral injury
Your urologist will evaluate and minimize these risks based on your condition.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Is RIRS painful?
No, RIRS is performed under anesthesia, so there is no pain during the procedure. Mild discomfort may occur post-operatively.
2. How long does the RIRS procedure take?
Usually, it takes 30–90 minutes depending on the stone size and location.
3. Is hospitalization required?
Most patients go home within 24 hours. Some may need overnight observation.
4. When can I return to work after RIRS?
Typically, within 3–5 days, depending on how you feel and your doctor’s advice.
5. Will the stone come back after RIRS?
Kidney stones can recur. Drinking enough water and dietary changes can help prevent future stones.
6. What is the cost of RIRS in India?
The cost varies based on the hospital and city, generally ranging from ₹70,000 to ₹1.5 lakh. Insurance may cover it.
7. Can large stones be treated with RIRS?
Stones up to 2 cm are ideal for RIRS. Larger stones may need multiple sessions or alternative procedures like PCNL.
Final Thoughts
RIRS is a game-changer in kidney stone management—offering a safe, precise, and minimally invasive solution. If you’re suffering from kidney stones and looking for a comfortable and effective treatment, consult your urologist to see if RIRS is right for you.